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| Title | Category | Date | Authors |
| Towards fast quantum secured communicationQuantum key distribution (QKD) is the only technique currently known that provides cryptographic key exchange over an untrusted public communication channel with information theoretic security. An ideal implementation of QKD would employ a perfect single photon source which is currently not available. The decoy state protocol uses faint laser pulses with different intensities that allows the two end points (Alice and Bob) to eliminate cryptographic key data created from multi-photon pulses. The remaining cryptographic key data is obtained from single-photon pulses making it absolutely secure. The decoy state protocol can increase the distance of transmission and also the rate of secret key generation. In this poster we discuss the implementation of a decoy state protocol using polarization encoding in a standard telecommunication fibre Alice generates laser pulses which are then intensity modulated and attenuated to produce either signal or decoy states. Alice then uses phase modulators to create four polarization states which she sends, via a fibre link, to Bob. Bob uses two polarization beam splitters and four single photon detectors to separate and measure the polarization states. The implementation of the decoy state protocol and the advances in single photon detectors expected in the next few years, will result in a significant increase in the achievable raw key rate. It is thus necessary to develop high speed solutions for the classical post-processing required for QKD. To this end, a FPGA implementation of low-density parity-check codes utilizing a set of precomputed codes is being investigated. University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2007-06-07 | I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, S. Hosier, W. Tittel | | Towards fast quantum secured communication University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2007-06-18 | I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, S. Hosier, X. Mo, W. Tittel | | Towards fast quantum secured communication University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2007-08-25 | I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, S. Hosier, W. Tittel | | Towards fast quantum secured communication University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2008-06-05 | I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, S. Hosier, X. Mo, W. Tittel | | Towards fast quantum key distribution with quantum framesWe propose and investigate a fibre-based quantum key distribution system, which employs polarization qubits encoded into faint laser pulses. As a novel feature, it allows sending of classical framing information via sequences of strong laser pulses that precede the quantum data. This allows synchronization, sender and\r\nreceiver identification, and compensation of time-varying birefringence in the communication channel. Furthermore, this method also provides a platform to communicate implementation specific information such as encoding and protocol in view of future optical quantum networks. All optical components can be operated at Gbps rates, which is a first requirement for Mbps secret key rates. University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2008-10-08 | I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, X. Mo, S. Hosier, W. Tittel | | Towards GHz clocked QKD for telecommunication networksQuantum key distribution (QKD) is the only technique currently known that provides cryptographic key exchange over an untrusted public communication channel with information theoretic security [1]. Here, we present the current status of our QKD system.
In the system, a DFB laser diode is used to generator 500ps-width laser pulses, which is strongly attenuated to single-photon level per pulse as qubits. With a polarization modulator based on a 10GHz LiNbO3 phase modulator, these qubits are modulated to four polarization states that are needed in the BB84 protocol. To remove the threat of eavesdropping based on photon-number-splitting attacks, the decoy protocol is performed by using an intensity modulator [2]. The intensity modulator and the polarization modulator are temperature insensitive and spectrum independent. The latter property is important to a high-speed QKD system.
The system also allows sending of classical framing information via sequences of strong laser pulses (classical bits), inspired by the Ethernet protocol. These classical bits has been planned to compensate polarization drift of the fiber link, synchronize the sender's and receiver's electronic equipments, identify source and destination which provides routing information on a network and exchange public information that is required in quantum cryptography protocols. Moreover, by encoding classical bits, a standard could be created in order to adapt and integrate QKD systems from different vendors into one network.
Both, the classical bits and the qubits are transferred along one single 11km long fiber link between laboratories located at University of Calgary (UofC) and Southern Alberta Institute of Technology (SAIT). Home-made high-speed circuits based on FPGAs are used to control the key distribution process and acquire the raw key bits. At the same time, fast error correction is achieved by performing low density parity check (LDPC) on FPGAs, for which, only one-way communication is required, high-speed parallel hardware implementations are possible and most importantly the efficiency relative to the Shannon limit is optimized [3].
[1] N. Gisin, G. Ribordy, W. Tittel and H. Zbinden, Rev. Mod. Phys, vol. 74, 145 (2002).
[2] B. Huttner, N. Imoto, N. Gisin and T. Mor., Phys. Rev A, 51, 1863 (1995).
[3] D.J.C. MacKay and R.M. Neal, Electron. Lett, 33 (1997).
University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2008-08-23 | I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, X. Mo, S. Hosier, W. Tittel | | Quantum key distribution using quantum frames University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2010-06-14 | I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, S. Hosier, X. Mo, W. Tittel | | Towards fast quantum key distributionQuantum Key Distribution invented in 1984 is an alternative solution to the Key Establishment problem. QKD enables two parties to establish a secret key with secrecy guaranteed by the laws of quantum mechanics. An ideal implementation of QKD requires a practical single photon source which is currently not available. The decoy state protocol uses faint laser pulses with different intensities and allows Alice and Bob to discard key obtained from multi-photon pulses. The remaining of the key is obtained from single photon pulses which are the only ones guaranteed to be secure. The decoy state protocol can increase the distance of transmission and also the rate of secret key generation. In this talk I will present the experimental implementation of a decoy state protocol used for polarization base QKD. University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2007-06-20 | I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, S. Hosier, X. Mo, W. Tittel | | Combining quantum key distribution and internetworking over a 12 km real-world fibre linkQuantum key distribution (QKD) is the only technique currently known that provides cryptographic key exchange over an untrusted public communication channel with information theoretic security [1]. We present the current status of our QKD system, which allows encoding of quantum bits into polarization states of light. The system includes decoy states to remove the threat of eavesdropping attacks based on photon-number-splitting in an efficient way [2], low-density parity-check-matrix based error correction [3], and is implemented on a 12 km fibre link between the University of Calgary and the Southern Alberta Institute of Technology. Two home-made circuits based on FPGAs are used to control the key distribution process and acquire the raw key bits. At the same time they allow the implementation of fast error correction and privacy amplification. Our system also allows sending of classical framing information via sequences of strong laser pulses, inspired by the Ethernet protocol, whose purpose comprise synchronization, sender and receiver identification, and assessment and compensation of time-varying birefringence in the communication channel. University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2008-06-11 | I. Lucio Martinez, X. Mo, P. Chan, S. Hosier, W. Tittel | | Quantum key distribution with quantum frames University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2009-06-09 | I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, X. Mo, S. Hosier, W. Tittel | | Increasing the secret key rate in quantum key distribution University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2010-06-15 | I. Lucio Martinez, X. Mo, P. Chan, C. Healey, S. Hosier, W. Tittel | | Towards high-rate real-world quantum key distribution with quantum frames University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2010-07-05 | I. Lucio Martinez, X. Mo, P. Chan, C. Healey, S. Hosier, W. Tittel | | Quantum Cryptography using phase modulators University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2010-07-16 | I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, X. Mo, W. Tittel | | Towards path optimization in an optically switched quantum network University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2011-11-04 | I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, N. Lovett, X. Mo, W. Tittel | | Towards high-rate quantum key distribution using quantum frames University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Publication | 2010-08-01 | X. Mo, I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, S. Hosier, W. Tittel | | Time-cost analysis of a quantum key distribution system clocked at 100 MHz University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Publication | 2011-01-01 | X. Mo, I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, C. Healey, S. Hosier, W. Tittel | | Efficient Bell state analyzer for time-bin qubits with fast-recovery WSi superconducting single photon detectors University of Calgary | Publication | 2014-01-01 | R. Valivarthi, I. Lucio Martinez, A. Rubenok, P. Chan, F. Marsili, V. B. Verma, M. D. Shaw, J. A. Stern, J. Slater, D. Oblak, e. al | | Towards high-rate quantum key distribution using quantum frames University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Publication | 2010-01-01 | X. Mo, I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, S. Hosier, W. Tittel | | Quantum key distribution with quantum frames University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Publication | 2009-01-01 | X. Mo, I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, S. Hosier, W. Tittel | | Experimental demonstration of quantum private queries in a real-world environment University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2012-09-11 | P. Chan, I. Lucio Martinez, X. Mo, C. Simon, W. Tittel | | Proof-of-principle quantum key distribution immune to detector attacks over a 60 dB loss channel University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2014-09-03 | R. Valivarthi, I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, F. Marsili, B. V. Verma, A. J. Stern, S. M. Shaw, W. S. Nam, J. Slater, D. Oblak, W. Tittel | | Towards fast error correction for quantum key distributionThe implementation of the decoy state protocol in Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) can improve the raw key rate of the system. This improvement, when coupled with expected advances in the available technology, particularly in single photon detectors, promise significantly increased raw key rates in the near future. As such, improvements to the classical error correction used in a QKD system are required in order to keep up with the potential increase in key rates. [1] Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes have recently been shown to provide very desirable properties for error correction under belief propagation decoding. They offer both near Shannon limit performance and the potential for highly efficient decoding algorithms. In particular, the decoding algorithm is parallelizable, allowing for fast hardware implementations. [2] Efficient implementations in hardware, whether it is a custom Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) or a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), require that computations are performed using fixed-point arithmetic. The performance of a LDPC code is simulated at different error rates around 3% while using various bit lengths to represent the data during decoding and the results are compared with double precision floating-point calculations. It is shown that for an irregular LDPC matrix of size 4000x1200 with check node degree 20 and message node degree between 2 and 8, excellent results are obtained using 20-bit fixed-point arithmetic. References: [1] D. Pearson, Proc. 7th Int. Conf. Quantum Communication, Measurement and Computing, 734, 299-302 (2004); [2] B. Levine et al., Proc. IEEE Symp. Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines, 217-226 (2000).
University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2008-06-11 | P. Chan, I. Lucio Martinez, X. Mo, W. Tittel | | Quantum key distribution with quantum frames University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2009-08-27 | X. Mo, I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, S. Hosier, W. Tittel | | Quantum key distribution at the University of Calgary University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2009-08-17 | P. Chan, I. Lucio Martinez, X. Mo, S. Hosier, W. Tittel | | Proof-of-principle demonstration of quantum key distribution with quantum frames University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2009-08-05 | X. Mo, I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, S. Hosier, W. Tittel | | Towards high bit-rate quantum key distribution University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2011-08-24 | X. Mo, I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, C. Healey, S. Hosier, W. Tittel | | Performing private database queries in a real-world environment using a quantum protocol University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2013-08-05 | P. Chan, I. Lucio Martinez, X. Mo, C. Simon, W. Tittel | | Modeling a measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution system University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Publication | 2014-01-01 | P. Chan, J. Slater, I. Lucio Martinez, A. Rubenok, W. Tittel | | Real-World Two-Photon Interference and Proof-of-Principle Quantum Key Distribution Immune to Detector Attacks University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Publication | 2013-09-01 | A. Rubenok, J. Slater, P. Chan, I. Lucio Martinez, W. Tittel | | A quantum key distribution system immune to detector attacks University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2012-08-02 | A. Rubenok, J. Slater, P. Chan, I. Lucio Martinez, W. Tittel | | Measurement-device-independent QKD - the next generation University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2013-08-05 | P. Chan, C. Duffin, D. Korchinski, I. Lucio Martinez, A. Rubenok, J. Slater, R. Valivarthi, W. Tittel | | Real-world proof-of-principle demonstration of measurement-device independent quantum key distribution University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2013-11-28 | A. Rubenok, J. Slater, P. Chan, I. Lucio Martinez, R. Valivarthi, W. Tittel | | Proof-of-principle demonstration of quantum key distribution immune to detector attacks over deployed optical fibre. University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2012-06-14 | A. Rubenok, J. Slater, P. Chan, I. Lucio Martinez, W. Tittel | | Proof-of-principle demonstration of quantum key distribution immune to detector attacks over deployed optical fiber University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2012-07-27 | A. Rubenok, J. Slater, P. Chan, I. Lucio Martinez, W. Tittel | | Proof-of-principle demonstration of QKD immune to detector attacks University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2012-08-29 | A. Rubenok, J. Slater, P. Chan, I. Lucio Martinez, W. Tittel | | A quantum key distribution system immune to detector attacks University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2012-09-10 | A. Rubenok, J. Slater, P. Chan, I. Lucio Martinez, W. Tittel | | Proof-of-principle field test of quantum key distribution immune to detector attacks University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2012-11-14 | A. Rubenok, J. Slater, P. Chan, I. Lucio Martinez, W. Tittel | | Real-world Bell-state measurement & proof-of-principle demonstration of QKD immune to detector attacks University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2013-06-19 | A. Rubenok, J. Slater, P. Chan, I. Lucio Martinez, W. Tittel | | Real-world two-photon interference and proof-of-principle QKD immune to detector attacks University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2013-07-03 | A. Rubenok, J. Slater, P. Chan, I. Lucio Martinez, W. Tittel | | Real-world proof-of-principle demonstration of measurement-device independent quantum key distribution University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2013-10-16 | J. Slater, A. Rubenok, P. Chan, I. Lucio Martinez, R. Valivarthi, W. Tittel | | Macroscopic quantum communications using photonic qudits The University of Calgary, University of Calgary | Presentation | 2013-12-05 | W. Tittel, N. Sinclair, J. Slater, D. Oblak, I. Lucio Martinez, L. Giner, H. Mallahzadeh, L. P. Grimau, E. Saglamyurek | | Quantum communication in the QC2 lab University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2007-09-26 | F. Bussières, P. Chan, A. Delfan, S. Hosier, C. La Mela, I. Lucio Martinez, X. Mo, J. Nguyen, A. Rubenok, E. Saglamyurek, J. Slater, M. Underwood, W. Tittel | | Quantum cryptography in the QC2 lab University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2007-11-28 | F. Bussières, P. Chan, A. Delfan, S. Hosier, C. La Mela, I. Lucio Martinez, X. Mo, J. Nguyen, A. Rubenok, E. Saglamyurek, N. Sinclair, J. Slater, M. Underwood, W. Tittel | | Quantum communication in the QC2 lab University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2007-09-26 | F. Bussières, P. Chan, A. Delfan, S. Hosier, C. La Mela, I. Lucio Martinez, X. Mo, J. Nguyen, A. Rubenok, E. Saglamyurek, J. Slater, M. Underwood, W. Tittel | | High-speed characterization of quantum systems in the near-infrared University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2011-04-27 | C. Healey, X. Mo, C. Dascollas, M. Lamont, J. Slater, I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, S. Hosier, W. Tittel | | High-speed detection of near-infrared single photons in quantum optics experiments University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2011-06-13 | C. Healey, X. Mo, C. Dascollas, M. Lamont, J. Slater, I. Lucio Martinez, P. Chan, S. Hosier, W. Tittel | | Quantum Communication in the QC2 Lab University of Calgary, The University of Calgary | Presentation | 2011-07-06 | P. Chan, C. Dascollas, C. Healey, S. Hosier, J. Jin, V. Kiselyov, M. Lamont, I. Lucio Martinez, D. Oblak, A. Rubenok, E. Saglamyurek, N. Sinclair, J. Slater, T. Stuart, W. Tittel |
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